Michigan is widely known for its contributions to cars in the 20th century. However, at the end of the 19th century, the state came into the spotlight with another modern engineering marvel that connected two countries via an underwater train tunnel. Nearly a century before the tunnel connecting England and France was built below the English Channel, engineers connected the U.S. and Canada under the St. Clair River, creating the world’s first international tunnel. This 6,026-foot passageway, running from Port Huron, Michigan, to Sarnia, Ontario, operated for over 100 years, until it was closed off in 1994 after a modern replacement was constructed.
As far back as 1886, Grand Trunk Railway envisioned a submarine tunnel as the most economically viable and efficient way to keep trains moving between Chicago and Ontario. Grand Trunk’s chief engineer, Joseph Hobson, led the construction; on both sides of the border, workers shoveled out clay by horse and buggy and erected a cast iron lining in an airlocked environment as they moved toward the middle, earning just a few cents an hour. When the tunnel was finished, both ends were misaligned by only 0.25 inches, proving that it was possible not only to construct an underwater railway tunnel through porous soil but also to remove water as a key bottleneck for passengers and cargo. Despite its significance as a National Historic Landmark and similar practices used in building
New York’s chaotic subway system
A decade later, only a modest indicator remains: a tiny green sign along 16th Street, marking the entry to Port Huron Station.
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Fantastic Outdoor Escapes In Michigan’sThumb
The St. Clair River is a 40-mile section of Lake Huron, forming part of the international border between the United States and Canada along Michigan’s
“Thumb Coast,” the heart of the state’s antique trail
Alongside the lesser-known treasures found in stores, Michigan’s Lower Peninsula boasts an obscure trail network spanning the entire region. Starting at Port Huron, you can join Route One, part of the Great Lake-to-Lake Trail system which stretches for 275 miles from Lake Huron to Lake Michigan—known among locals as traversing from just beyond the tip of the Thumb down past what would be under the little finger. As you journey through this route, expect extensive, lush woodlands and numerous state parks to discover; plus, you’ll always remain within a short distance of one out of the state’s approximately 11,000 lakes. During your adventure, make certain to
Halt in the picturesque town of Marshall and refuel at one of the numerous delightful dining spots along your route.
Michigan’s Thumb boasts approximately 140 miles of shoreline that mostly consist of rocks, turning this area into a haven for rock collectors. For those looking to expand their collections, consider visiting Lakeport State Park, which lies about ten miles north of Port Huron; here, camping near the water offers a comfortable experience. You might stumble upon Petoskey stones, recognized as Michigan’s official stone. Should lounging on sandy beaches be preferred over hunting for stones, check out Lighthouse Beach instead. Don’t forget to climb up Michigan’s oldest lighthouse located within Fort Gratiot when you’re nearby. From atop the tower, enjoy sweeping vistas spanning either side of the boundary line, featuring landmarks such as the well-known Blue Water Bridge, now serving primarily as the main crossing point between the U.S. and Canada.
Relish The History In Port Huron
After crossing the border, begin your exploration of historical Port Huron by hopping aboard their vintage Blue Water Trolleys. This delightful trolley offers an extensive one-hour journey through the heart of downtown for just ten cents. These rides operate exclusively in the afternoons from June to September, yet they provide exceptional value as well as valuable insights into the town’s past. Nestled between the Black and St. Clair Rivers, this picturesque downtown district features three lively entertainment spots alongside boutique hotels and numerous eateries and cafes. Come July, the neighborhood bursts into vibrant life during Port Huron’s yearly boat festival culminating in the renowned Bayview Mackinac Race spanning Lake Huron towards Macatawa.
Mackinac Island, a picturesque Victorian getaway where automobiles are banned.
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One of America’s most incredible minds, Thomas Edison, lived in Port Huron as a child. Train buffs as well as travelers curious about his life shouldn’t miss the Thomas Edison Depot Museum, just footsteps from the Waterfront and the Huron Lightship, which illuminated sailors as they traveled through treacherous waters. About 1 mile south, you’ll find Lynch’s Irish Tavern, a classic Irish pub, and the Vintage Tavern, serving fresh, modern American cuisine in a building constructed in the 1800s.
Although you can still take Amtrak’s Blue Water service from Chicago or Western Michigan, flying is likely much quicker if you’re visiting from outside the state or North America. The closest major airport, Detroit Metro International Airport, is less than 80 miles away from the former iconic underwater tunnel.
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